In 2018, the World Health Organization developed and released the Essential Diagnostics List (EDL). This list was expected to align the health community in bridging the gap to the accessibility and availability of high-quality testing of clinical laboratories, especially in resource-limited settings. Addressing human and financial resources, training and supervision, planning and budgeting, quality assurance, logistics and supply, biosafety and equipment management, and other relevant laboratory aspects were found to be necessary to optimize laboratory services provided to patients. Providing high-quality, diagnostic testing is the goal of all clinical laboratories. To attain this goal, several issues and problems are needed to be addressed, which ultimately underline the need for improving laboratory capacity. While clinical laboratories, especially in the modern day era, are usually known for its state-of-the-art laboratory machines and instruments that do the majority of actual sample testing, these facilities still heavily rely on the laboratory professionals that ensure that results are accurate and reliable. Standard operating procedure manuals and job aids are written for guidance for carrying out each step of the phase: pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical. there are three phases of the laboratory testing process that each facility should follow. These issues are continually addressed by local and international health authorities and technical experts using the framework of a patient-centered approach.Ĭlinical laboratories perform testing in a logical and strict manner. Quality management systems within these laboratories have also become significant issues recently, including the standardization of laboratory services, strengthening of laboratory systems and the development of new and rapid diagnostic tools. Laboratory networks were developed across countries and states to foster proper coordination and collaboration among clinical laboratories within the specified geographic areas. On a larger scale, program managers used some relevant tests as surrogate indicators to assess the progress of public, international and global health programs. Aside from its known value to individual patients, the function of clinical laboratories was also used for screening and surveillance of diseases significant to public health. Throughout time, more physicians have recognized the need for laboratory tests to confirm their diagnoses and to support the monitoring of their patients as to its response to therapy. In the past, the value of clinical laboratories as an integral part of the healthcare system was not well realized. National reference laboratories - also known as the central level, which performs oversight and overall management of the laboratory network in terms of policy and program implementation, training and development, monitoring and evaluation and research these facilities also provide a range of routine and highly-specialized laboratory testing, including the introduction and phasing in of new diagnostic tests
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